85-mm antitank gun D-48 | |
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85 mm antitank gun D-48. |
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Type | antitank gun |
Place of origin | USSR |
Production history | |
Designed | 1948 |
Produced | 1955-1957 |
Specifications | |
Weight | 2350 kg |
Length | 8.72 m |
Barrel length | 74 calibers |
Width | 1.59m |
Height | 1.89m |
Crew | 6 |
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Caliber | 85 mm |
Carriage | split trail |
Elevation | -6° to 35° |
Traverse | 54° |
Rate of fire | up to 15 rounds per minute (max) 8 rounds per minute (normal) |
Muzzle velocity | 1040 m/s |
Effective range | 1200 m |
Maximum range | 18.97 km |
Sights | OP-2-77 OP-4-77 |
The 85-mm antitank gun D-48 (Russian: 85-мм противотанковая пушка Д-48) was a Soviet 85-mm calibre antitank gun used after World War II. It was designed as the replacement for the 100 mm field gun M1944 (BS-3). Distinguishing features of the D-48 include a very long barrel and a pepper-pot Muzzle brake. The D-48 was itself replaced in the 1960s by the T-12 antitank gun.
Contents |
The gun was designed by the F. F. Petrov Design Bureau on the basis of the D-44 85-mm divisional gun and production of the D-48 began in 1953 at the No. 75 factory in Yurga. The D-48 used the breechblock from the BS-3 100-mm field gun in order to achieve a rate of fire of 15 rounds per minute at maximum cadence.[1] The gun can transition from march to combat order in about two minutes.
The D-48N was a version with an APN 2-77 or 3-77 infrared imaging device fitted for night combat. A licensed version of the D-48 was produced in China as the Type 60.
The gun fires a high velocity armor-piercing tracer (HVAP-T) BR-372 Projectile at 1040 meters per second and can penetrate 185mm of armor at a range of 1000 meters at an angle of obliquity of 90 degrees.[1] The 3BK-7 high explosive antitank (HEAT) projectile can penetrate 192mm of armor at an angle of obliquity of 60 degrees. The effective range of armor-piercing shells for the D-48 is 1,230 meters (HVAP-T) or 940 meters (HEAT). Additionally, the D-48 antitank gun is capable of firing a 9.66 kilogram OF-372 high explosive projectile to a direct fire range of 1,200 meters or an indirect fire range of 18.97 kilometers. The Ammunition for the D-48 was developed by necking down 100-mm ammunition in order to achieve higher muzzle velocities.[2]
The gun is towed by a URAL-375D truck[3] or an AT-P tractor with a maximum towing speed over asphalt roadway of about 60km/h. The tires on the D-48 are those of the ZIS-5 truck.
Designs with auxiliary power units were also investigated but never developed beyond prototype stage.
Performance of D-48 and comparable weapons | ||
Effectiveness against rolled homogeneous armor | ||
Weapon | Muzzle Velocity, meters per second | Penetration in mm |
85 mm D-48 (firing BR-372) | 1040 | 185 (at 90°, range 1000 meters) |
8.8 cm PaK 43 (firing PzGr 40/43) | 1130 | 193 (at 60°, range 1000 meters) |
90 mm M3 (firing M304) | 1021 | 195 (at 60°, range 914 meters) |
These data are not directly comparable as various measurement methods are used. They are, however, illustrative of the relative performance of the weapons. |
The D-48 has been exported to Afghanistan, Bulgaria, Congo, India, North Korea, Mongolia, Mozambique, Romania, Somalia, Sudan, and Vietnam.[3]